What is the difference between GFP and enhanced GFP?

Difference Between GFP and Enhanced GFP

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) is a protein that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. Initially isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, GFP has become an invaluable tool in molecular biology, biotechnology, and biochemistry for tagging and visualizing proteins within cells.

Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) is a modified version of the wild-type GFP. It was developed through the mutation of specific amino acids to improve its fluorescence intensity and photostability. This makes EGFP a more effective tool for use in various scientific applications.

Key Differences

  • Fluorescence Intensity: EGFP has been engineered to have a higher fluorescence intensity compared to the wild-type GFP. This is achieved by optimizing the chromophore environment to enhance its brightness.
  • Photostability: EGFP exhibits improved photostability, meaning it retains its fluorescence for a longer period when exposed to light. This is crucial for experiments requiring prolonged observation under a microscope.
  • Spectral Properties: Modifications in EGFP lead to slight shifts in its excitation and emission spectra, making it more efficient for certain applications where specific wavelengths are required.
  • Expression in Mammalian Cells: The codon usage in EGFP has been optimized for higher expression levels in mammalian cells, making it a more versatile tool for research involving these cell types.

Overall, the development of EGFP represents a significant advancement in the utility of fluorescent proteins for scientific research, offering enhanced performance over the original GFP in various aspects.

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